常量与变量
常量：
常量就是我们经常会用的数字、字符串了，比如我们问一张光盘多少钱，回答说5元，那么5就是常量，如果说一张光盘的价格不定，在3-5元的范围内浮动，那么这就是我们学过的未知数，对于这样的未知数我们经常会用一个变量来表示。
变量：
变量就是我们用一个符号来表示一个我们想要表示的概念，比如我们可以用price这个变量来表示一张光盘的价格。变量与常量的区别就在变量是可以变动的，也就是说我们用变量来定义一个概念后，接下来就会来操作这个变量使它变化。而我们不能让一个常量变化，比如我们不能让5=4，但我们可以让price=4。
以上是常量与变量的概念。相信对于初中的同学们应该很容易理解
变量的命名：
变量的取名有以下的限制：
1、必须以英文字母（大小写均可）、汉字、下划线开头。
2、第二个字符开始可以使用数字、英文字母、汉字、下划线。
3、不能使用保留字作变量的名字。
保留字是保留给系统用的，也就是说系统已经占用了，以下是系统的保留字：
alias def false nil return unless and do for not self until begin else if or super when break elsif in redo then while case end module rescue true yield class ensure next retry undef
不要使用上面列出的单词做你的变量的名字。
变量的赋值：
变量无需事先声明，可以拿来就用，例如
a=100 p a
运行脚本，看到弹出的对话框显示：100
p a
会弹出什么呢，如果不赋值给变量，就相当于这个变量不存在，而一旦赋值给它，就表明这个变量存在了。
变量的运算：
a=100 * 8 p a # 800
a=100 + 100 p a # 200
看到了吗，这里我进行了运算，变量的运算。
a=100 a+=100 p a #200
a=100 a*=100 p a #1000
+=,-=,*=,/=这四个运算符是自运算符，x+=1相当于x=x+1,其它同理。
变量范围
1.局部变量
以小写字母或下划线开头的标识符在 Ruby 中即为局部变量
（如果引用未被声明的标识符则会被解释成无参数的方法调用）
局部变量只在代码段类有效
2. 全局变量，实例变量，类变量
$ 全局变量，所有的实例都能访问
@ 实例变量，只能在实例内部访问
@@ 类变量，这个相当于C#的类静态成员（不懂就无视吧）
特殊变量
1. 伪变量
在 Ruby 中有一种被称为伪变量的标识符，伪变量有一点像环境变量，同时它也是只读的
，不过现在我们不需要深究。
，不过现在我们不需要深究。
2012年9月01日 05:15
当年因野心放弃了RM,现在是不是RGSS3了?
2012年9月03日 00:27
@Anti-Doctors: 是的呢RPGVX ace已经出了。。RGSS版本是3了。。ruby版本是 1.9.2了。。
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